Organic Farming
Preface [What is organic farming]
Organic Farming system
1- Pure (refined) organic farming
2- Integrated Organic Farming
Ways to do Organic Farming
• Soil Management
• Chemical management in farming
• Biological pest control
• Weed management
• Crop variety
Benefits of Organic Farming
Organic Farming Project
The use of blind-blind chemicals in agriculture at present has not only
damaged the environment but has also led to the degradation of the fertility of
the land and has also badly affected the human health. In order to address
these problems and provide good health to humans, British botanist Sir Albert
Howard (the father of modern organic farming) along with some of his innovative
researches, proposed organic farming to the people, under which chemical
fertilizers and pesticides are used in agriculture as fertilizers instead of
animals and human remains.
Preface [What is organic farming]
Organic farming is a technique in which synthetic fertilizers and
pesticides are not used or in very small quantities, it uses crop cycles,
animal wastes, green manure, and compost etc. to increase production and
maintain the fertility of the land.
Organic Farming System
The organic farming system is based on ancient agriculture, in which
favorable relations were established between the earth and human beings,
instead of the synthetic chemicals, the excreta of animals and the secretions
of the flora etc. were used. The food grains were rich in nutrients. There are
mainly two types of organic farming:
1- Pure (refined) Organic Farming
In this type of agricultural system, the use of inorganic fertilizers and
pesticides is prohibited completely in agriculture, which is harmful to the
environment, land and consumer. Kavivar Ghagh has mentioned similar agriculture
in his works. which is as follows:
"Gobar rakhi pati rotti, then there is grain in the field.
Hemp's stalk field scattered, straw profit quadrupled pavai
Dung, muddy, neem khali, or from cultivation of duni pods
The same is the whole of the farmers, who leave the bone sawdust."
“गोबर राखी पाती सड़ै, फिर खेती में
दाना पड़ै
सन के डंठल खेत छिटावै, तिनते लाभ चौगुनो
पावै
गोबर, मैला, नीम की खली, या से खेती दुनी फली
वही किसानों में है पूरा, जो छोड़ै हड्डी
का चूरा”
2- Integrated Organic Farming
We can also call the integrated organic farming system a complementary
farming system or a dependent farming system or a coordinated farming system
because it has all the components of agriculture (such as crop production,
fruit production, vegetable production, cattle rearing, beekeeping, forestry,
etc.) dependent on or complementing each other. In this, these components are
consolidated in such a way that there is no competition at all or less and the
complementarity is greater so that the substance of one can be useful as a
nutrient for the other and these cycles continue like this. So that external
resources are not needed or reduced so that the cost of agriculture is reduced
and incomes are increased.
Ways to do organic farming?
There are many ways of doing organic farming in India, according to their
respective facilities, farmers choose different farming methods, the goal of
all these methods is the same. Some of these methods are as follows:
• Soil Management
With the production of lagatatar, there is a lack of nutrients in the soil,
as a result of which the fertility of the soil is reduced. Maintaining the
fertility of the soil with the help of essential nutrients is called soil
management. In organic farming, soil management is done with the help of
bacteria present in the substrates of the organism.
• Chemical Management in Farming
There are many types of micro-organisms present in agricultural land, some
of which are harmful to the soil. These use natural pesticides or a small
amount of synthetic chemicals for the protection of the soil and for better
yields, this process is called chemical management.
• Biological Pest Control
Biological pest control is a process in
which other microorganisms are used to destroy weeds, mites, pests, etc.
• Weed Management
The primary purpose of organic farming is the management of weeds, because
weeds also grow in the same land where the crop is to be grown. For their
growth, they absorb the necessary nutrients from the land. Which affects the
production of agriculture? Weeds are harvested to eliminate or reduce them or
most of the land is covered with the help of a thin plastic foil to control
their production.
• Crop Variety
This method of organic farming is very famous in India, in this method at
the same time, at the same time, different types of crops are grown in the same
field, so that there is no shortage of nutrients in the soil and their
fertility is retained.
Benefits of Organic Farming
Some of the benefits of organic farming are as follows:
• The foods produced from it are pure, tasty, and rich in nutrients.
• It does not cost chemical fertilizers, hybrid seeds, etc., so this
process is very cheap.
• Organic farming is eco-friendly; it does not cause any harm to the
environment and soil.
• Higher production and lower incidence of diseases have led to increase in
income of farmers.
• Possibility of becoming a good exporter with increased demand abroad.
• It uses the substrates of fauna and flora, which are somewhere the major
causes of environmental pollution.
Organic Farming Project
The Central Government has taken the following steps to promote organic
farming and to encourage the farmers:
• Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North East Region
It is a scheme of the Central Government,
which was launched by the Ministry of Agriculture and Welfare in 2015 in the
North Eastern States (Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram,
Nagaland, Tripura and Assam).
• One District- One Product Plan
The objective is to generate employment at the district level and encourage
sale of local products.
• Traditional Agricultural Development Scheme
Launched in 2015, the scheme is a component of 'Soil Health Management', a
sub-mission released under the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture. In
this, the development of organic villages is motivated by participatory
guarantee system certification.
The need and importance of organic farming
The requirements -
• From the point of view of soil conservation
• From the point of view of environmental protection
• From the perspective of human health
• For higher income at lower cost etc.
Importance -
• For the receipt of nutrient-rich food grains
• To increase yields
• From the possibility of becoming a good exporter
• From the point of view of cleanliness, etc.
The limits of organic farming
• Its value is relatively about 40% higher due to the low volume production.
• Despite the efforts of the Government, its marketing and distribution is
not going on smoothly.
• In the beginning it requires more money, etc.
Conclusion
In view of the present scenario, it would not be an exaggeration to say
that if man is to continue his existence, then adopting organic farming should
not be a means of fulfilling his needs but his compulsion, because the rapid
use of synthetic chemicals in the present agricultural system has badly
affected not only the land but also the environment and human health.
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